Key Takeaways:
- Three comets (C/1618 Q1, C/1618 V1, and C/1618 W1) were observed in 1618, all visible to the naked eye.
- C/1618 Q1, first observed in August over Hungary, marks the first known telescopic observation of a comet, recorded by Johannes Kepler in September.
- C/1618 V1 was observed in early November in Indonesia and Italy.
- C/1618 W1, the brightest of the three, reached an apparent magnitude of 0–1 by November 29th, exhibiting a long tail and prompting observations across Europe, including continued measurements by Kepler.
The fall of 1618 was a standout when it came to notable comets, boasting three visible to the naked eye. In late August, C/1618 Q1 appeared, first spotted in the skies over Hungary. Johannes Kepler observed the comet throughout the month of September, spotting it from Linz, Austria, through a small telescope on Sept. 6. It was the first known observation of a comet through a telescope. The second comet (C/1618 V1) was seen in early November, with observations recorded in Indonesia on Nov. 9 and Italy by the 10th. Then, at the end of the month, an even more spectacular comet appeared, seen first in the skies over Asia: C/1618 W1. The brightest of the three celestial visitors, it reached an apparent magnitude of 0–1 by Nov. 29, and sported a long tail. Astronomers across Europe noted their observations of the comet, including Kepler, who spotted it on Nov. 29th and continued to measure its orbit until Jan. 7. As was common at the time, many astrologers and theologians interpreted the series of comets as harbingers of doom or punishment, often connecting them to the impending Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648).
