From the December 2007 issue

How do gravity assists work?

Alex Forbes, Castro Valley, California
By | Published: December 1, 2007 | Last updated on May 18, 2023

Gemini Sparkle

Key Takeaways:

  • Spacecraft possess the capability to significantly modify their speed and trajectory.
  • Such alterations are achieved through maneuvers involving close proximity to a substantial celestial body.
  • A notable characteristic of this technique is the absence of fuel consumption for propulsion during the alteration.
  • Despite any appearance of being entirely without cost, this method is explicitly stated to not represent a "free lunch."
By passing near a large body, a spacecraft can radically alter its speed and trajectory without expending any fuel. This may sound like a free lunch, but it isn’t.