Throughout February, you’ll be able to spot asteroid 4 Vesta easily through binoculars and even glimpse it with unaided eyes under a dark sky. The asteroid reaches opposition, and peak visibility, February 17/18. At that point, it will glow at magnitude 6.1.
Vesta orbits the Sun, along with hundreds of thousands of asteroids, in a path lying between Mars and Jupiter. This orbit brings the asteroid opposite the Sun in our sky and closest to Earth February 17/18. During this “opposition,” it glows at its brightest for the year. Such events occur roughly every 17 months.
Vesta moves through Leo the Lion during February. Beginning February 1, it forms a rough equilateral triangle with Algieba (Gamma [γ] Leonis) and Eta (η) Leonis. The asteroid moves closer to Algieba during the first half of the month. On the night of February 18/19, Vesta skims between magnitude 2.0 Algieba and magnitude 4.8 southern neighbor 40 Leonis. Just before midnight on February 18, Vesta lies directly between the two stars, one-quarter of the way from Algieba to 40 Leonis. By using these stars as reference points, you can see the asteroid move in just a few hours.
Bright Algieba is a useful guide throughout the month. Asteroid 4 Vesta remains within the same binocular field of view as the star.
- StarDome: Find Asteroid Vesta in your night sky with our interactive star chart. Under “Options,” select “Display” and check “Asteroids.” Select “Show names,” select “Mark one specific object.” Scroll down the list of Planet/Object Selection, highlight “Vesta,” and click “OK.”
- More observing targets: Constellation Leo Minor, asteroid 4 Vesta, and spiral galaxy NGC 2775
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